Microbiology-microorganism identification Assignment

Microbiology-microorganism identification - Assignment Example From the diagnostic table, only four bacterial species are expected to test positive using Gram stain, namely Bacillus subtilis, Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis. The Gram stain test thus allows the analyst to reduce the number of possible bacterial species that need to be ruled out during the identification assay. Another characteristic that facilitates our species identification was associated with the positive results obtained from the methyl red (MR) test. The observation of a bright red color was instrumental in narrowing down our candidates species to two bacteria, namely Staphylococcus aureus or Enterococcus faecalis. The generation of negative results from the Gelatin Hydrolysis, Voges-Proskauer (VP) and Nitrate Production tests also assisted in the identification of bacterial species. No, not all the observed characteristics agreed with those indicated in Bergey’s Manual. The cell arrangement of our organism was observed to be in single pairs or short chains, while the manual described that the bacteria were generally found in clusters. In addition, a positive result was observed in the citrate utilization test, when the manual indicated that our bacterial species generally results in a positive reaction. Unfortunately, the catalase and oxidase tests were not performed due to lack of time. The microbiological assay involves the reaction of the catalase enzyme, as it disrupts hydrogen peroxide, resulting in the production of water, as well as oxygen. Catalase is considered as a very common protein enzyme that is present in almost of organisms and is regarded by microbiologists as a very useful enzyme that helps in the identification of specific bacterial species (Maehly and Chance, 1954). It is also possible to identify the bacterial species through its requirement for oxygen. It should be understood that both oxidation and

Organizational Communication and Culture Case Study

Organizational Communication and Culture - Case Study Example This paper will analyze the case study by defining the communication problems faced by Cassie Donners while working on the Cruise, providing a possible solution to the problems and recommending the most effective one. Cassie and other female staff on the cruise ship were harassed, they were not defined exactly what they were supposed to get paid for. Furthermore, there were closed communication channels on the cruise ship and employees cannot voice against any of the work-related issues. The failures in communication within the case stem from the fact that there is a destructive work culture within the organization. Moreover, issues like how employees have to continue and control their emotions, and where emotion labor and emotion management is extremely important. For instance, Cassie had to participate in various games that were sexually blatant even though she hated the games, and thus had to control her emotions and not express her disgust. 2. The cross-cultural interaction on the Cruise Ship: The employees may not have realized that some interaction is primarily culture based and not discriminatory or derogatory in nature. For example, when Italian men passed sexual innuendo based comments to Cassie, she was offended, whereas, this is primarily a cultural element pertaining to Italy (Krauss and Deutsch; Nannette). 3. The abusive working environment is another reason that might have caused the communication problem. For example, Tim, the cruise director, was yelling and shouting at Cassie for her unexpected work performance at the â€Å"Balloon game†. 4. In addition, the company values play a critical role in the way it treats its employees. In this case, the company’s values are customer satisfaction through maximum benefits provided to them. As a result, the female employees had to undergo unspecified tasks which included sexual harassment. The company is least concerned about its employee’s emotions and feelings as it can find its desired female  employees in abundance. Furthermore, the female employees on the cruise ship work without any specified job descriptions but they managed their emotions to ensure that they do not hurt the norms of the organization to eventually be terminated from the job.

Analysing the leadership style of richard branson

Analysing the leadership style of richard branson Just by observing the distance which Richard Branson has gone in the business world it is not difficult to decide him as an exceptional business leader. Here the attempt is to analyze his form of leadership using the major theories leadership. Words usually connected to Branson are creative, fun, anti-establishment, fast, opportunist, adventurer, the risk of Taker, warm, friendly, competitive, workaholic and hard negotiator. Those qualities are according to the trait theories of leadership, main characeristics of a successful leader. Richard Branson has a good leader-member relations and treats his employees respect, like his own family, even to the extent of giving invitations to his junior members for home for parties (Dearlove 2007). He always welcome the feedback and new ideas of the employees. The task structure of the Virgin is usually low since Branson gives his employees the freedom and initiative has to be creative. There are no established procedures, in which, things must be done (Nice, 2007). His organization is working on flat and non-hierachical stucture (NCE 2009), which is made of clusters, and given the flexibility to work independently without much interference (Dearlove 2007).These factors clearly show that his form of leadership is of much more democratic and participative nature. Position power he proves to be dominant thinker, and generally makes decision by himself (even NCE2009). When observing the contingency theory of Fiedler, it is clear that he belongs to intermediate type of leader wh o is task motivated and socio-independent (Durbin Dalglish Miller, 2006). Branson has strong contingency and situational leadership skills too. He has always looked for and uses every opportunity to create a new company to be viable. He is quite capable of controlling situations and also a high risk taker (Dearlove 2007). This reflcts the most dominat theory of leadership today i.e. situational theories. He follows different leadership styles and technics according to the situation and the context.This has been one of the most important features of Richard Bransons leadership (Durbin Dalglish Miller, 2006). He also shows the ability to implement changes quickly. Virgin Cola in the United States changed its strategy, management and location of its t-drinks business with emphasis on the theme New Age beverages like fruit juices and energy drinks, when he saw no prospect in the war against the Coca-Cola and Pepsi-Cola in the Cola Business (Dearlove 2007). The charismatic and transformational leadership Transformational leaders are also those that can adapt quickly to change (Bass, 1985). Branson has clearly demonstrated its flexibility and its success in adapting to changing organizational cultures, as he bought new companies and moved into new areas,along with his men. Literature clearly shows that the assessment of transformational leadership is positively correlated with the evaluation of managerial performance (Hater Bass, 1988), Recommendations for promotion (Waldman, Bass and Yammarino, 1990) and the percentage of the goals of the strategic busines units. (unit Avolio, 1999). According to Bass (1985) transformational leadership is more more likely to reflect sociall values and arise in times of distress and change , while transactional leadership is probably found in well-ordered, steady environment. Virgin is an organization that is focused on growth and constant change, thus suitable for transformational style. Virgin is a kingdom, where the individuals Branson stamped in everywhere of the Business , therefore,his values and goals are the driving force of the whole coporation. An overview of tranformational and charismatic leaderhip theories suggests that the leaders may achieve relevent goals by making of followers, who personally identify with this style, also the work-group they are with (Yukl, 1988). Thus transformational approach, in my opinion the best summarzes the style of this renowned business leader. Conclusion With charisma, intellectual stimulation and inspirational motivation and individualized consideration, transformational leaders have a great potential to promote actions beyond expectations and produce changes within individuals and organizations. It seems that this form of a leadership well-suited for a time like this in which has characterictics like uncertainity, global turmoil and institutional instability. Refernce Brooks, I. (2009) Organisational Behaviour, Pearson Education Limited, UK. Bass, B.M. (1985) Leadership and performance beyond expectation, p43, New York, Free Press. Dearlove, D. (2007) Business the Richard Branson Way, p163, Capstone, Chichester, UK. Durbin, A. Dalglish, C Miller, P (2006) Leadership, ( 2nd), p312, Asia-Pasific edition, John Wiley Sons, Australia. Journals Avolio, B.J, (1999) RE-examining the components of transformational and transactional leadership using the multifactor component questionnaire, journal of occupational and organisational psychology, p72, 441-462. Waldman, D.A., Bass, B.M., Yammarino, F.J. (1990) Adding to contingent-reward behaviour: The augmenting effect of charismatic leadership. Group and Organisational Studies, p15, 381-394. Yukl, G.A. (1988) Managerial Leadership. A review of theory and research. Journal of Management, p15, 251-289. Internet Sources BBC.co.uk (1999) Knighthood for Branson, bbc.co.uk, http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/583940.stm. NCE (Small Firms Association National Centre of Excellence) (2009), Leadershi,http://www.centreofexcellence.ie/sectors/SFA/SFANCEDocLib.nsf/441763b04b0320b68025722e003fb55a/bc12f53469df45728025722e003f060f/$FILE/Leadership.pdf

Rousseau and Wollstonecraft

â€Å"The neglected education of my fellow-creatures is the grand source of the misery I deplore. â€Å"-Mary Wollstonecraft, A Vindication of the Rights of Women. Rousseau and Wollstonecraft believed that children should be allowed to grow freely and learn to use their education practically. Children would then grow up to be free thinking adults that would keep soceity from becoming materialistic and oppressing. Nonetheless, they vehemently disagreed on who should receive such an education. Rousseau thought that only males, because they are stronger should receive such and education. Wollstonecraft believed everyone, no matter what sex, should be able to be educated to reform and better society as a whole. Though both their works were considered extreme, they are both apparent in the public education system of today. Wollstonecraft (1759-1797) and Rousseau (1712-1778) both agreed that society oppressed human kind, but Wollstonecraft felt that men were oppressing women. They both believed that education should mean letting children grow freely and placing little restrictions. They should protect them from immediate dangers and provide food and shelter. They should not, however, force books and controlled learning upon the children. He thought that children should also develop common sense and each child would choose whatever interests him to study in greater detail. He thought that this method of education would produce a well balanced, free thinking child. Therefore this would lead to a natural society rather than a materialistic one. Rousseau†s theory of natural education was not intended for all children. He felt that girls should be limited motherhood, and how to be a wife. To Rousseau, women exist in order to serve man, because they are weaker. Wollstonecraft stated that women should be taught medicine in order to take care of parents, infants, and husbands properly. She endorsed equal education for all children no matter what the sex. They should not only be taught the same things, but should be taught together, to learn social interaction they would encounter as adults. Girls and boys would attend day school together and then boys would be sent to their apprenticeships and girls would learn how to sew and other skills. Wollstonecraft tried to prove that by denying a woman†s education you are denying her the ability to raise children adequately. Therefore it would benefit both sexes if women were properly educated. Rousseau was applauded for advocating human rights and natural education but when it concerned women he broke no new ground. He actually promoted women†s role as a wife and mother present to serve her husband. He stated that because women were weaker physically that their minds were as well. Wollstonecraft upheld his philosophy of natural education to encourage individual freedom to benefit society. However, she detested his treatment of women. She advised that women and men should both be educated, and educated together. Both of Emile and The Vindication of the Right†s of Women were considered radical, they were both revolutionaries. Emile impacted practical applications, and the exploration of natural curiosity in education. Wollstonecraft†s radical idea of educating boys and girls equally, and together are applied on public education today.

Investigative Technology Review and Critique Essay

Dr. Derek Paulsen examines geographic profiling methods and technologies. The findings are the result of a research grant from the National Institute of Justice (NIJ). The purpose of this research is to analyze the accuracy of and suggest methods for increasing the effectiveness of geographic profiling technologies. The research emphasizes the importance of making the distinction between commuter or marauder offenders prior to geographic profiling. Dr. Paulsen demonstrates that by improving the commuter/marauder prediction early in the process and by conducting more targeted research in the field, geographic profiling technology can be more effective and results can be more accurate. Geographic profiling has been used in crime analysis since the early 1990s. It is an investigative methodology that relies on location of connected crimes series as a means of determining the next probable location known as an offender anchor point. According to Dr. Paulsen, 20 to 60 percent of crime series are committed by commuters, and geographic profiling is highly inaccurate in predicting these series. Therefore, it is important to analyze variables and methods used to classify commuters and marauders prior to geographic profiling. This study analyzed 106 crime series gathered from 25 U. S. jurisdictions. This study differed from traditional methods in the use of variables applied to classify offenders as commuter or marauder. Traditional models use residence as primary variable to determine classification. Paulsen modified this method to look at any of 14 known variables which might classify as marauders where traditional models may classify as commuters and performing logistic regression with SPSS software. Since profiling is inaccurate in predicting commuter series, Paulsen’s results improved the accuracy of prediction rate from 60% to 81% by changing the classification process. The findings are significant in that they are at odds with traditional theories of offender patterns and characteristics. Traditional theories state that marauders commit offenses closer to home. However, Paulsen’s research shows that commuters operate in smaller geographic areas with more locations while marauders operate in larger more dispersed areas. Three important implications arise from this study. Further research is needed to develop a method for determining commuter/marauder classification that can be used in multiple geographic profiling systems. Research is needed to determine if methods and results are accurate in various jurisdictions with differing demographics and crime characteristics. Alternative profiling and forecasting methods must be weighed against this and other existing research. Previous studies were limited in number, only two, and in scope, focusing on software platform features and case studies and covering limited jurisdictions. This study more extensive in size and scope. The primary limitation of this study is that the entire sample consists of previously solved crimes. This underscores the need to conduct similar research on unsolved crimes to determine the accuracy of this model when all variables are not known. Additionally the case selection process for this study is limited by the police departments’ rationale for selecting cases to send for the study which is not addressed. Geographic profiling is a widely used crime analysis methodology which can and should be more effective. By analyzing existing results and modifying components of the profiling process crime prediction rates can be significantly improved. Improving results of geographic profiling will depend on continued research of adequate size and scope that focuses on alternative classification methods, a range of geographic locations, and solved and unsolved crimes. Reference Paulsen, D. (2007, September). Improving Geographic Profiling through Commuter/Marauder Prediction. Police Practice & Research, 8(4), 347-357. Retrieved March 11, 2009, from Academic Search Premier database.

One Fat Summer - Analysis Of Important Theme Essay

One Fat Summer by Robert Lipsyte, is a very good book for teenagers that feel insecure about themselves and have low self-esteem. In the book they will read about a young boy name, Bobby who overcomes his fears of being fat and being bullied by Willie, one that is much stronger then him physically, but not emotionally. The basic theme of this story is to stand up for yourself no matter the situation. Willie, the antagonist of the story accidentally makes Bobby overcome his fears and stand up to him. In a way Willie could be a protagonist because he helps Bobby overcome his fears. Willie is a crazy person that doesnt know what he is doing. It all started in the summer when Bobby, an overweight fifteen year old is embarrassed to take†¦show more content†¦He conquers that fear pretty easily, but another fear awaits him. He finds himself inside of a box because he wants to do the job because he feels more confident, but Willie, the man that didnt get the job as Dr. Kahns lawn mower is mad at Bobby for stealing the job. He is always making fun of Bobby, but one day he didnt ignore it, he went up to Willie and told him to stop. Willie did stop, but one night when Bobby was walking back home from the lake, Willie rams out of his car and threatens to kill Bobby. No one knows what is going to happen, but Bobby does. He knows what he is going to do. He tells Willie to take a hike and he does. He doesnt get bothered for a week or so because Willie was on vacation. Willie was finally back and holds him hostage at the lake. Bobby was really scared that he was going to get shot by Willies shotgun. Out of no where the lake lifeguard comes out and pushes Willie into the lake and then Bobby jumps in to fight. Since Bobby was the champion of holding his breath the longest underwater, he almost drowned Willie by wrestling him underwater. He was the hunted that became the hunter like in the story he read called, quot;The Most Dangerous Game.quot; Bobby was the hero and he felt good about himself now. The next day he goes and asks Dr. Kahn for a raise. He was really nervous because Dr. Kahn was very mean. He got the raise and felt really good about himself now. The theme, one should stand upShow MoreRelatedThe Song, All About That Bass1800 Words   |  8 PagesIn the summer of 2014, American pop artist Meghan Trainor released her debut single, â€Å"All About That Bass.† The song, which aims to empower women of all body types and promote â€Å"body positivity,† became an instant hit on Top 40 radio and music charts. 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The Hidden Truth About Laws of Life Essay Samples Exposed

The Hidden Truth About Laws of Life Essay Samples Exposed This argument is the main reason for the distinctive rights of pedestrians should they appear in a crosswalk. The belief in the Albularyoor quack-doctor still persists when it has to do with treating diseases and a few kinds of mental illnesses. A few of us may be susceptible to coming from a victim mentality and thus it might be tough to accept responsibility. Therefore, folks accept the law to keep the social order and to live in line with the rules determined by the law. The Nuiances of Laws of Life Essay Samples The standard of our life is dependent on the grade of our emotions. People in our society must incorporate respect in their internal belief system and all mankind will benefit as an outcome. Think positive and always don't forget the beauty is in the opinion of the beholder! There's no universe knowledge about what there is before and following life, if there's anything in the slightest. Laws of Life E ssay Samples - the Story These jobs offer a simple lifestyle for us. Another vital problem stays the difference in traffic rules in various states of the nation, which creates a good deal of inconvenience for travelers and visitors. Our world is continuously changing and developing so it's crucial teach and bring up intelligent men and women who may comprehend the problems of contemporary society and solve them in the right way. The mafia isn't likely to be delighted with you. On the other hand, the law fails to stop social inequality. Red Flag laws ought to be passed nationwide. The Little-Known Secrets to Laws of Life Essay Samples The standard of our life is dependent on the grade of the events we've experienced, not necessarily by the caliber of years. Countless innocent lives are lost, and will continue to get lost so long as weapons are left unregulated. Firearms in the us make up $24 billion of our economy, thus, we can say that guns play an important role the U.S.. At the exact same time, you should attend classes and still will need to study for your upcoming tests. Top Choices of Laws of Life Essay Samples Our whole life is the procedure of learning and gaining new useful understanding. Su ch a circumstance may cause writing papers hurriedly. When things are tough it's very simple to want to give up because we might feel we are incapable of addressing the challenges. If you are searching for assistance with your essay then we provide a comprehensive writing service given by fully qualified academics in your area of study. You may also pick a writer considering their experience and rating. You may contact our writers via chat and they'll supply a high-quality research paper depending on your requirements. Our writers are almost always ready and ready to assist you. The one thing you must have to do, is learn how to utilize it. Some say that all you will need is money to make it through life. Ask yourself what you can do in order to make your life better, and after that do it daily. You have earned a better life and you're the only person who will make it occur. What's Actually Happening with Laws of Life Essay Samples The majority of the copyrighted works can be obtained through the internet nowadays and it proves difficult to follow along with the laws that govern it since there some instances of automatic copies that are created to the c omputer. You thus should summarize the important points or incorporate any new info. Education is a significant medium of acquiring essential knowledge and techniques. Our education is actually worth investment. The key is, recognize it and you shouldn't be terrified! We start to see the options. If you'd like change, you need to make it take place. It's simple to rationalize and produce reasons why change is bad. Laws of Life Essay Samples - Dead or Alive? The exact same concept has to be applied for law school personal statement sample essays as well as some other varieties of works. There's a connection between the requirement of discrete computational models with the idea of emergence. A law essay needs to be constructed such that there's a step wise approach of thoughts and thoughts and it should show the ultimate goal of the writer. While law essay writing might appear tedious to a few, individuals who are well versed with the technical elements of this subject fi nd it simple to compose a law essay.